.research-page {
  --ink: #542a1b;
  --ink-soft: #88481e;
  --paper: #faf6f0;
  --paper-deep: #f0e7dc;
  --line: #dbc9b8;
  --dark: #11100e;
  --dark-raised: #181613;
  --dark-line: rgba(255, 244, 229, 0.11);
  --dark-text: #f3ede4;
  --dark-muted: #9c9489;
  --warm: #d18a50;
  width: min(100%, 1380px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 64px var(--pad) 96px;
}

.research-page h1,
.research-page h2,
.research-page h3,
.research-page strong,
.research-page .button,
.research-page .research-kicker,
.research-page .result-label,
.research-page .fact-label,
.research-page .placeholder-index,
.research-page .placeholder-format,
.research-page .research-jump,
.research-page .section-marker,
.research-page .planner-label,
.research-page .benchmark-table,
.research-page .status,
.research-page .choice-mark,
.research-page dt,
.research-page dd {
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
}

.research-hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.55fr) minmax(280px, 0.65fr);
  gap: clamp(48px, 8vw, 128px);
  align-items: end;
  min-height: 610px;
  padding: 62px 0 76px;
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 850px;
}

.research-page .back-link {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 76px;
}

.research-kicker {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-kicker--dark {
  color: var(--warm);
}

.research-hero h1 {
  max-width: 820px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(58px, 7vw, 104px);
  font-weight: 680;
  letter-spacing: -0.052em;
  line-height: 0.9;
}

.research-hero h1 em {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-family: 'Erode', Georgia, serif;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.hero-lede {
  max-width: 730px;
  margin-top: 38px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 74%, var(--paper));
  font-size: clamp(19px, 2vw, 24px);
  line-height: 1.58;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.hero-actions,
.project-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 34px;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
  min-height: 46px;
  padding: 12px 18px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 610;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.18s ease, background 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease, transform 0.18s ease;
}

.button:hover,
.button:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  outline: none;
}

.button-primary {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
}

.button-primary:hover,
.button-primary:focus-visible {
  border-color: var(--ink-soft);
  background: var(--ink-soft);
}

.button-secondary {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.button-secondary:hover,
.button-secondary:focus-visible {
  border-color: var(--ink-soft);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-soft) 9%, transparent);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.hero-result {
  position: relative;
  padding: 28px 0 4px 30px;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.hero-result::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: -3px;
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--ink-soft);
}

.result-label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero-result > strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(96px, 11vw, 150px);
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: -0.07em;
  line-height: 0.82;
}

.result-unit {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 17px;
}

.hero-result dl {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.hero-result dl div,
.project-footer dl div {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 18px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.hero-result dt,
.hero-result dd,
.project-footer dt,
.project-footer dd {
  font-size: 12px;
}

.hero-result dt,
.project-footer dt {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 56%, var(--paper));
}

.hero-result dd,
.project-footer dd {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-align: right;
}

.visual-placeholder {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: end;
  min-height: 330px;
  padding: 28px;
  border: 1px dashed color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-soft) 44%, var(--paper));
  border-radius: 2px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(rgba(136, 72, 30, 0.045) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(136, 72, 30, 0.045) 1px, transparent 1px),
    color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper-deep) 52%, var(--paper));
  background-size: 36px 36px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.visual-placeholder::after {
  content: "+";
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-soft) 24%, transparent);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 58px;
  font-weight: 200;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.visual-placeholder--hero {
  min-height: 560px;
}

.visual-placeholder--wide {
  min-height: 360px;
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.placeholder-index,
.placeholder-format {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 55%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.placeholder-copy {
  z-index: 1;
  max-width: 600px;
}

.placeholder-copy strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 7px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.placeholder-copy span {
  display: block;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 68%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.research-jump {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px 30px;
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  padding: 24px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 56%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.4px;
}

.research-jump > span {
  margin-right: auto;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-jump a {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-jump a:hover,
.research-jump a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--ink);
  outline: none;
}

.story-section {
  position: relative;
  padding: 150px 0 64px;
}

.story-section--split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(340px, 0.72fr);
  gap: clamp(70px, 12vw, 180px);
}

.section-marker {
  position: absolute;
  top: 150px;
  left: -44px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-soft) 46%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.story-heading h2,
.results-intro h2,
.result-callout h2,
.honesty-heading h2,
.project-footer h2 {
  max-width: 820px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(38px, 4.2vw, 64px);
  font-weight: 590;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.02;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.story-copy {
  align-self: end;
  padding-top: 44px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 73%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.story-copy p + p {
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.story-copy strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 650;
}

.plain-note {
  padding: 18px 0 0 20px;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--ink-soft);
  color: var(--ink) !important;
}

.plain-note span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.fact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  margin-top: 40px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.fact-card {
  min-height: 180px;
  padding: 30px 24px;
}

.fact-card + .fact-card {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.fact-value {
  display: block;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(38px, 4.4vw, 62px);
  font-weight: 570;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.fact-value small {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.36em;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.fact-label {
  display: block;
  max-width: 150px;
  margin-top: 28px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 58%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.visual-pair {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 30px;
}

.report-figure {
  margin: 0;
  background: transparent;
}

.report-figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  background: transparent;
}

.report-figure figcaption {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: 12px 2px 0;
  background: transparent;
  text-align: center;
}

.report-figure figcaption span {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 55%, var(--paper));
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.report-figure figcaption strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.visual-pair .visual-placeholder {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.visual-pair .placeholder-format {
  justify-self: end;
}

.process-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  margin: 40px 0 34px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.process-strip article {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 235px;
  padding: 26px;
}

.process-strip article + article {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.process-strip article > span,
.limit-grid article > span {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink-soft) 64%, var(--paper));
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
}

.process-strip article:not(:last-child)::after {
  content: "\2192";
  position: absolute;
  top: 24px;
  right: -12px;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
  place-items: center;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.process-strip h3,
.limit-grid h3 {
  margin-top: 70px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.process-strip p,
.limit-grid p,
.planner-card p {
  margin-top: 9px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 64%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.evidence-block {
  margin-top: 72px;
  padding: clamp(28px, 4vw, 54px);
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: var(--dark);
  color: var(--dark-text);
  box-shadow: 0 34px 90px -58px rgba(36, 26, 18, 0.75);
}

.evidence-block--results,
.evidence-block--route {
  margin-top: 56px;
}

.evidence-head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 48px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 38px;
}

.evidence-head--stacked {
  align-items: start;
}

.evidence-head h2 {
  max-width: 740px;
  color: var(--dark-text);
  font-size: clamp(32px, 4.1vw, 58px);
  font-weight: 560;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.02;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.saving-badge {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  min-width: 170px;
  padding-left: 26px;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--dark-line);
}

.saving-badge strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--warm);
  font-size: 45px;
  font-weight: 580;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.saving-badge span {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: var(--dark-muted);
  font-size: 12px;
}

.table-shell {
  width: 100%;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--dark-line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--dark-line);
  scrollbar-color: #564335 var(--dark-raised);
}

.table-shell:focus-visible {
  outline: 1px solid var(--warm);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

.benchmark-table {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 880px;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  color: var(--dark-text);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.benchmark-table--comparison {
  min-width: 720px;
}

.benchmark-table--route {
  min-width: 800px;
}

.benchmark-table th,
.benchmark-table td {
  padding: 16px 18px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--dark-line);
  text-align: left;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

.benchmark-table thead th {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  background: var(--dark);
  color: #756f67;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.benchmark-table tbody th {
  color: #d9d2ca;
  font-weight: 580;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.benchmark-table tbody td {
  color: #aaa299;
  font-weight: 430;
}

.benchmark-table tbody tr:last-child th,
.benchmark-table tbody tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.benchmark-table tbody tr {
  transition: background 0.16s ease;
}

.benchmark-table tbody tr:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.025);
}

.benchmark-table tbody tr.is-selected {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(209, 138, 80, 0.16), rgba(209, 138, 80, 0.035));
}

.benchmark-table tbody tr.is-selected th {
  box-shadow: inset 2px 0 0 var(--warm);
}

.benchmark-table tbody tr.is-over {
  background: rgba(154, 77, 52, 0.06);
}

.benchmark-table .number {
  color: #d9d2ca;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums lining-nums;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.benchmark-table .number--hero {
  color: var(--warm);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 670;
}

.benchmark-table small {
  color: #6f6961;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.choice-mark {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-right: 8px;
  padding: 4px 6px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(209, 138, 80, 0.45);
  border-radius: 2px;
  color: var(--warm);
  font-size: 8px;
  font-weight: 720;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  vertical-align: 1px;
}

.status {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.status::before {
  content: "";
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #6b7d66;
}

.status--selected {
  color: var(--warm);
}

.status--selected::before {
  background: var(--warm);
}

.status--over {
  color: #ad7463;
}

.status--over::before {
  background: #9b5844;
}

.evidence-note {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin-top: 22px;
  color: #777169;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.table-legend {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 12px 20px;
  padding-top: 4px;
  color: var(--dark-muted);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 10px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.table-legend span {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
}

.legend-dot {
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.legend-dot--selected { background: var(--warm); }
.legend-dot--reserve { background: #9b5844; }

.planner-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.planner-card {
  min-height: 250px;
  padding: 28px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper-deep) 42%, var(--paper));
}

.planner-label {
  display: block;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 52%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 680;
  letter-spacing: 1.1px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.planner-card > strong,
.planner-card .formula {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 60px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 48px;
  font-weight: 570;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.planner-card .formula {
  font-size: 38px;
}

.planner-card p {
  max-width: 280px;
}

.results-intro {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 880px;
  padding: 160px 0 0;
}

.results-intro .section-marker {
  top: 162px;
}

.results-intro > p:last-child {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 70%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.result-callout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(340px, 0.72fr);
  gap: clamp(70px, 12vw, 180px);
  align-items: end;
  margin-top: 32px;
  padding: 90px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.result-callout > p {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 72%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.route-summary {
  color: var(--dark-muted);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 12px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.honesty-section {
  padding: 150px 0 90px;
}

.honesty-heading {
  max-width: 800px;
}

.limit-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 1px;
  margin-top: 56px;
  background: var(--line);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.limit-grid article {
  min-height: 250px;
  padding: 28px;
  background: var(--paper);
}

.limit-grid h3 {
  margin-top: 68px;
}

.project-footer {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(300px, 0.62fr);
  gap: 64px 90px;
  padding: 76px;
  background: var(--paper-deep);
}

.project-footer h2 {
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3.2vw, 48px);
}

.project-footer dl {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  align-content: end;
}

.project-actions {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  margin-top: 0;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .research-hero .hero-copy,
  .research-hero .hero-result {
    animation: research-rise 0.8s cubic-bezier(.22, 1, .36, 1) both;
  }

  .research-hero .hero-result { animation-delay: 0.12s; }

  @keyframes research-rise {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .research-hero {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(250px, 0.6fr);
    gap: 60px;
  }

  .story-section--split,
  .result-callout {
    gap: 70px;
  }

  .section-marker {
    position: static;
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    margin-bottom: -40px;
  }

  .results-intro .section-marker {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }

  .process-strip {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .process-strip article:nth-child(3) {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .process-strip article:nth-child(4) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .process-strip article:nth-child(2)::after { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .research-page {
    padding-top: 34px;
  }

  .research-hero {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    min-height: 0;
    padding-top: 30px;
  }

  .research-page .back-link {
    margin-bottom: 58px;
  }

  .hero-result {
    max-width: 440px;
  }

  .visual-placeholder--hero {
    min-height: 430px;
  }

  .story-section--split,
  .result-callout,
  .project-footer {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .story-copy {
    max-width: 660px;
    padding-top: 0;
  }

  .fact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .fact-card:nth-child(3) {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .fact-card:nth-child(4) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .visual-pair,
  .planner-grid,
  .limit-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .evidence-head {
    align-items: start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .saving-badge {
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
  }

  .table-legend {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .result-callout {
    gap: 38px;
  }

  .project-footer {
    gap: 46px;
    padding: 50px 38px;
  }

  .project-actions {
    grid-column: auto;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .research-page {
    padding-bottom: 64px;
  }

  .research-hero {
    gap: 54px;
    padding-bottom: 54px;
  }

  .research-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(50px, 16vw, 72px);
  }

  .hero-lede {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .hero-actions,
  .project-actions {
    align-items: stretch;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .button {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-result {
    padding-left: 22px;
  }

  .visual-placeholder,
  .visual-placeholder--hero,
  .visual-placeholder--wide {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    min-height: 390px;
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .placeholder-format {
    justify-self: end;
  }

  .research-jump {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .research-jump > span {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
  }

  .story-section,
  .honesty-section {
    padding-top: 110px;
  }

  .story-section--split {
    gap: 40px;
  }

  .story-heading h2,
  .results-intro h2,
  .result-callout h2,
  .honesty-heading h2 {
    font-size: 38px;
  }

  .story-copy,
  .result-callout > p,
  .results-intro > p:last-child {
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .fact-card {
    min-height: 152px;
    padding: 22px 16px;
  }

  .fact-value {
    font-size: 35px;
  }

  .process-strip {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .process-strip article {
    min-height: 190px;
  }

  .process-strip article + article,
  .process-strip article:nth-child(3) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .process-strip article::after {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .process-strip h3,
  .limit-grid h3 {
    margin-top: 42px;
  }

  .evidence-block {
    margin-right: calc(var(--pad) * -1);
    margin-left: calc(var(--pad) * -1);
    border-radius: 0;
  }

  .evidence-head h2 {
    font-size: 34px;
  }

  .results-intro {
    padding-top: 120px;
  }

  .result-callout {
    padding: 70px 0;
  }

  .project-footer {
    margin-right: calc(var(--pad) * -1);
    margin-left: calc(var(--pad) * -1);
    padding: 44px var(--pad);
  }
}

/* ---------- compact article revision ---------- */
.research-page {
  padding-top: 34px;
  padding-bottom: 64px;
}

.research-hero--boxed {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.62fr) minmax(250px, 0.42fr);
  gap: 32px;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 20px 0 14px;
}

.research-hero--boxed > *,
.project-footer--hero > *,
.project-footer--hero dl,
.project-footer--hero .project-actions {
  min-width: 0;
}

.research-hero--boxed .back-link {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.project-footer--hero {
  gap: 32px 54px;
  padding: 46px;
}

.project-footer--hero h1 {
  max-width: 720px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3.25vw, 46px);
  font-weight: 590;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.04;
}

.project-footer--hero .project-actions {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.research-hero--boxed .hero-result {
  padding-top: 20px;
}

.research-hero--boxed .hero-result > strong {
  font-size: clamp(82px, 9vw, 118px);
}

.research-hero--boxed .hero-result dl {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.visual-placeholder--hero {
  min-height: 350px;
}

.story-section--compact {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
  padding: 28px 0 10px;
}

.story-section--compact .story-copy {
  padding-top: 0;
  font-size: 17px;
  columns: 2;
  column-gap: 54px;
}

.story-section--compact .story-copy p {
  break-inside: avoid;
}

.story-section--compact .plain-note {
  break-inside: avoid;
}

.fact-grid {
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.fact-card {
  min-height: 132px;
  padding: 22px 20px;
}

.fact-label {
  margin-top: 16px;
}

.visual-pair {
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.visual-pair .visual-placeholder {
  min-height: 245px;
}

.process-strip {
  margin-top: 22px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.process-strip article {
  min-height: 172px;
  padding: 21px;
}

.process-strip h3,
.limit-grid h3 {
  margin-top: 34px;
}

.evidence-block {
  margin-top: 38px;
  padding: clamp(26px, 3vw, 40px);
}

.evidence-block--results,
.evidence-block--route {
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.evidence-head {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.benchmark-table th,
.benchmark-table td {
  padding-top: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
}

.visual-placeholder--wide {
  min-height: 250px;
  margin-top: 22px;
}

.planner-card {
  min-height: 180px;
  padding: 22px;
}

.planner-card > strong,
.planner-card .formula {
  margin-top: 30px;
}

.results-intro--compact {
  max-width: 760px;
  padding: 58px 0 4px;
}

.results-intro--compact > p:last-child {
  margin-top: 0;
  font-size: 17px;
}

.result-callout {
  margin-top: 24px;
  padding: 54px 0;
}

.result-callout h2 {
  font-size: clamp(34px, 3.8vw, 54px);
}

.honesty-section {
  padding: 76px 0 32px;
}

.limit-grid {
  margin-top: 34px;
}

.limit-grid article {
  min-height: 182px;
  padding: 22px;
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .research-hero--boxed {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 38px;
  }

  .project-footer--hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(32px, 7vw, 44px);
  }

  .research-hero--boxed .hero-result {
    max-width: none;
  }

  .story-section--compact .story-copy {
    columns: 1;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .research-page {
    padding-top: 20px;
    padding-bottom: 46px;
  }

  .research-hero--boxed {
    padding-top: 16px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
  }

  .research-hero--boxed .back-link {
    margin-bottom: 34px;
  }

  .project-footer--hero h1 {
    font-size: 32px;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

  .project-footer--hero {
    width: 100%;
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
    padding: 30px 22px;
  }

  .project-footer--hero dl div {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 76px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .project-footer--hero dd {
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

  .project-footer--hero .button {
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .visual-placeholder--hero,
  .visual-placeholder--wide,
  .visual-pair .visual-placeholder {
    min-height: 270px;
  }

  .story-section--compact {
    padding-top: 28px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .story-section--compact .story-copy,
  .results-intro--compact > p:last-child {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .process-strip article {
    min-height: 150px;
  }

  .planner-card {
    min-height: 165px;
  }

  .results-intro--compact {
    padding-top: 44px;
  }

  .result-callout {
    padding: 46px 0;
  }

  .honesty-section {
    padding-top: 60px;
  }
}

/* ---------- simplified research narrative ---------- */
.research-hero--boxed {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.project-footer--hero {
  width: 100%;
}

.fact-value--inline {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 0.22em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.fact-value--range {
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4vw, 58px);
}

.fact-value--inline small {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.fact-value--inline .fact-degree {
  position: relative;
  top: -0.52em;
  margin-left: -0.2em;
  line-height: 0;
}

.inline-section-title {
  margin: 10px 0 18px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: 'Satoshi', sans-serif;
  font-size: 25px;
  font-weight: 620;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.process-strip--stages {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.process-strip--stages article {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
}

.process-strip--stages h3 {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.process-strip--stages article:not(:last-child)::after {
  top: 50%;
  right: -15px;
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  font-size: 20px;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
}

.plain-research-copy {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 58px auto 0;
  padding: 0 0 10px;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 74%, var(--paper));
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.plain-research-copy p + p {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

.plain-research-copy mjx-container:not([display="true"]),
.story-copy mjx-container:not([display="true"]),
.process-strip mjx-container:not([display="true"]) {
  display: inline-block !important;
  margin: 0 0.035em !important;
  font-size: 0.96em !important;
  line-height: 0 !important;
  vertical-align: 0.035em;
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .fact-value--range {
    font-size: clamp(32px, 7vw, 50px);
  }

  .plain-research-copy {
    max-width: 680px;
    margin-top: 46px;
    padding-top: 0;
    font-size: 17px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .inline-section-title {
    margin-top: 10px;
    font-size: 22px;
  }

  .fact-value--range {
    font-size: 31px;
  }

  .plain-research-copy {
    margin-top: 38px;
    padding-top: 0;
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.68;
  }
}